Equipment & Modernization
Every province's machinery and infrastructure quietly ages every year. Whether you keep up with it — or fall behind — is a policy choice with consequences that don't show up for a decade.
How it works
Aging capital is a real cost
Every province tracks how outdated its equipment and infrastructure are, from fresh to obsolete. At its worst, that drags growth down substantially. Countries begin with different levels of modernization, and the gap between their equipment and current technology can widen over time.
How it works
Replacement is a lever you control
Policies that support capital investment, technology transfer, and industrial renewal push back against that aging — enough of them and you can actually reverse it over time instead of just slowing it down. Push harder than that and you modernize faster, at some cost to growth today; ease off and you can squeeze out short-term growth while quietly building a problem for later.
Design choices
A twenty-year story, not a today story
Equipment policy determines whether capital replacement keeps pace with aging. When upkeep lags, a country can begin with strong growth and still build a modernization problem that compounds over decades. It's a deliberately slow choice — what you decide in the 1950s can still shape the outcome in the 1970s.